See kaihas on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "keihäs"
},
{
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"word": "keihäs"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-nor",
"word": "keihäš"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-sou",
"word": "keihäs"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-sou",
"word": "keijäs"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl"
},
{
"lang": "Livvi",
"lang_code": "olo",
"word": "kejjäs"
},
{
"lang": "Ludian",
"lang_code": "lud",
"word": "keihäz"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "keihaz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*kaišas<ety:bor<gem-pro:*gaizaz>>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"drive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰey-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰeys-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"possessive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰoysós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*gaizaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Finnic\", \"term\" : \"*kaišas\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"urj-fin-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Finnic\", \"term\" : \"*kaihas\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"urj-fin-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"urj-fin-pro\" data-title=\"*kaihas\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gaizaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gaizaz",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*kaira"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of *kaira",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *kaišas, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *gaizaz. For the shift *ai > *ei, compare *haina, *laipa, *saibas, *saina. Doublet of *kaira.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihastën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihassëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "Northern Finnic"
},
"expansion": "(Northern Finnic)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaihas"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaihas",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Proto-Finnic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vle, Vne, Vre, Vse",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spear, javelin"
],
"id": "en-kaihas-urj-fin-pro-noun-zJhjJMXC",
"links": [
[
"spear",
"spear"
],
[
"javelin",
"javelin"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kaihas"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "keihäs"
},
{
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"word": "keihäs"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-nor",
"word": "keihäš"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-sou",
"word": "keihäs"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl-sou",
"word": "keijäs"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl"
},
{
"lang": "Livvi",
"lang_code": "olo",
"word": "kejjäs"
},
{
"lang": "Ludian",
"lang_code": "lud",
"word": "keihäz"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "keihaz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*kaišas<ety:bor<gem-pro:*gaizaz>>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"drive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰey-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰeys-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"possessive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰoysós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*gaizaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Finnic\", \"term\" : \"*kaišas\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"urj-fin-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Finnic\", \"term\" : \"*kaihas\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"urj-fin-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"urj-fin-pro\" data-title=\"*kaihas\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gaizaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gaizaz",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*kaira"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of *kaira",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *kaišas, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *gaizaz. For the shift *ai > *ei, compare *haina, *laipa, *saibas, *saina. Doublet of *kaira.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihastën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihassëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaihahitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "Northern Finnic"
},
"expansion": "(Northern Finnic)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaihas"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaihas",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern Proto-Finnic",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Proto-Finnic doublets",
"Proto-Finnic entries with etymon",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vle, Vne, Vre, Vse",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰey- (drive)",
"urj-fin-pro:Weapons"
],
"glosses": [
"spear, javelin"
],
"links": [
[
"spear",
"spear"
],
[
"javelin",
"javelin"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kaihas"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kaihas meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.